Purdue research on nuclear fusion brings a safer energy alternative closer to reality

There are two main types of nuclear reactions: fusion and fission. In a fusion reaction, two light-atomic nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus, resulting in the release of a large amount of energy. In a fission reaction, the opposite process occurs: a single atomic nucleus splits apart into two smaller parts (lighter nuclei). Though both reactions produce energy, fusion is deemed much, much safer, in that the precise requirements for the reaction to occur negate the possibility of a catastrophic accident that could release radioactivity into the environment. Just as importantly, it is estimated that a single fusion power plant could produce 10 times more energy than a conventional nuclear fission reactor. Unfortunately, at this time the wide-scale use of controlled fusion power is not yet a reality. But researchers at Purdue University are working hard to change that.

In a joint effort with Princeton University, Purdue’s team of scientists is working to develop special coatings that can be used on the inside surfaces of a fusion reactor. The makeup of the coating is critical because it must have the ability to withstand the extreme heat generated within the reactor, a place where temperatures can reach millions of degrees. For this reason, Purdue’s research is focused on this "plasma-material interface." Among the materials being tested is one that contains lithium, which when applied to the graphite inner surface of the reactor creates an entirely new material during the reaction. The results have been positive. While there is still much work to be done, researchers are confident that someday the use of nuclear fusion power will take its rightful place as the safer, more efficient alternative to fission.

Full story at Environmental News Network.